M. Busch

The EU’s ‘Composite’ GATT Article XX Defence in the Palm Oil Disputes at the WTO

In its palm oil disputes with Indonesia and Malaysia at the WTO, the EU proposed a novel approach to invoking three exceptions in framing an affirmative legal defence under Article XX of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The EU explained that it was raising subparagraphs (a), (b), and (g) as a ‘compo...