Numerical Investigation of Landslide Runout on Freeze-Thaw-Affected Slopes Using a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method
Freeze-thaw cycling is a critical trigger of landslides with exceptionally high mobility, posing severe threats to residents in cold regions. However, previous studies have mainly focused on freeze-thaw-induced failure initiation, leaving postfailure dynamics and the factors controlling landslide mobility largely une...