Vermicompost-assisted Azotobacter and Bacillus inoculation enables partial substitution of mineral NPK and improves maize yield, nutrient uptake, soil fertility, and biological activity
Reducing dependence on mineral fertilizers requires integrated nutrient management (INM) strategies that sustain maize productivity while improving soil functioning. A field experiment evaluated nine combinations of mineral NPK, farmyard manure, vermicompost, and Azotobacter-Bacillus inoculation in a randomized block d...