Langevin Theory of Non-Markovian Quantum Dynamics: Application to Delayed Coherent Feedback and the Laser Linewidth
Phase-space methods are powerful tools for the treatment of Markovian open quantum systems: they map the reduced dynamics of a system S, in interaction with an environment E, exactly onto Langevin equations for c-number stochastic variables, as opposed to Heisenberg-Langevin equations for operators. Langevin equations...