Low-dose antiangiogenic multikinase inhibitor AL3810 synergizes with PD-1 blockade by reducing CSF1-driven MHC-IIint tumour-associated macrophages to optimize TIM-3+ CD8+ T-cell effector function.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Antiangiogenic multikinase inhibitors (AAMKIs) with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade have been approved to treat certain solid tumours. Their synergy mechanisms remain largely unknown. AL3810 (lucitanib), a AAMKI in Phase II trials, has demonstrated clinical activity. We aim to elucidate the immune modulatory...