Review
Open access
Sep 2026
Macrophage states and polarization during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: mechanisms, granuloma adaptation, and host-directed therapeutic opportunities
The molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage polarization during Mtb infection are synthesized, the bidirectional regulatory networks between pathogen-derived and host-derived factors are integrated, and their roles in immune evasion, granuloma biology, and emerging therapeutic strategies in tuberculosis are highligh...
Ming-Long Xu, Zhang-Li Peng
· Frontiers in Cellular and In... · 0 citations