Mohammadreza Vatankhah

Craniofacial and dental toxicity of dioxins: developmental phenotypes and mechanistic insights

Background Dioxins are persistent environmental pollutants with high lipophilicity and long half-lives, enabling their accumulation in biological tissues and ecosystems. Among them, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is the most toxic and extensively studied chemical. Human exposure occurs primarily through con...