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Mohd Haizra Hashim

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Open access Jul 2026

Ethical Challenges of Social Media Manipulation in Political Communication

Social media has become a vital platform for political communication, given that it enables political parties, candidates, activists and ordinary citizens to spread their information rapidly and directly. However, due to the same digital ecosystem this also raises serious ethical issues. One key problem is social media...

ZhiXuan Chen, Mohd Haizra Hashim · 0 citations

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