A Sero-Epedimiological Study of FMD Virus in D. I. Khan through Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay in Various Cattle, Buffalo, & Goat Breeds
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious transboundary viral disease of cloven-hoofed livestock that imposes substantial economic losses through reduced productivity and trade disruption. Serological detection of antibodies against FMD virus (FMDV) non-structural proteins (NSPs), particularly 3ABC, provides...