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Open access Sep 2026

Artificial intelligence as cognitive scaffolding in the engineering design process: A STEM education perspective

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in STEM education; however, limited evidence explains how it functions as cognitive scaffolding within the engineering design process. This study examined the effects of AI-supported scaffolding on students’ problem-solving competence, engineering design performance, an...

Nguyen Chi Le, N. H. Chu, Ha Thi Nguyen et al. · 0 citations

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