Ideological Refraction in Translation: Textual Construction of Kartini in English and Malay
Background: This study investigates the ideological refraction of Kartini’s epistolary identity across two seminal translations: Symmers’ English Letters of a Javanese Princess and Balai Pustaka’s Malay Habis Gelap Terbitlah Terang. Methodology: Employing Martin and White’s Appraisal Framework, comparative analysis o...