Naeimeh NikfarjamNouri

Multimodal transformer-enhanced deep learning for accurate assessment of mandibular third molar–inferior alveolar canal contact using panoramic radiography and CBCT slices

Accurate preoperative assessment of the spatial relationship between mandibular third molars (M3Ms) and the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) is essential to minimize the risk of nerve injury. While panoramic radiographs (PRs) are routinely used as a first-line modality, their two-dimensional nature limits diagnostic relia...