Najah S. N. Al-Omar

Molecular Identification of Five Hormogaster Earthworm Isolates Newly Recorded in Iraq Using COX1 Gene Sequencing

This study focused on molecular classification using the mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase I (COX1) gene as a DNA barcode due to its genetic stability, low susceptibility to structural variation, and its importance in supporting traditional morphological taxonomy and clarifying differences among species.