Open access
Sep 2026
HAF-BiTrans: A Heterogeneity-Aware Federated BiLSTM-Transformer Framework for Privacy-Preserving Detection of Multi-Stage APT Behaviors in IoT Networks
HAF-BiTrans is presented as a compact, edge-oriented federated architecture whose robustness under difficult non-IID conditions still requires further optimization and its practical strength is efficiency.
Tareef S. Alkellezli, Nariman A. Khalil
· Sustainable Machine Intellig... · 0 citations