Scalable Binary-to-Gray and Gray-to-Binary Converters in pNML: Analysis of Latency, Energy–Delay Tradeoffs, and Computational Asymmetry
Perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic (pNML) has emerged as a promising beyond-CMOS computing technology due to its non-volatility, near-zero leakage power consumption, and capability for dense three-dimensional integration. However, the realization of scalable functional subsystems using field-clocked dipole-coupled nanoma...