Estimation of Urinary Marinobufagenin in Stable Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study.
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with accumulation of endogenous cardiotonic steroids, including marinobufagenin (MBG), a bufadienolide that inhibits Na+/K+-ATPase and promotes renal and cardiac fibrosis. Urinary MBG (uMBG) excretion reflects glomerular filtration and may decline as renal function...