Soil, as a key material in geotechnical construction, has important mechanical parameters such as cohesion (c), internal friction angle (φ), and unit weight (γ), which are significantly affected by hydrological conditions. Rainwater infiltration can increase pore pressure and reduce soil shear strength, potentially tri...
S. Debataraja, A. Irawan, Aazokhi Waruwu et al.· Engineering, Technology &...· 0 citations
Background: Despite the growing adoption of hybrid contract models in construction, energy, and agricultural procurement, there remains a significant gap in understanding how lump-sum and unit-price contracts differentially allocate risk across sectors and country contexts. This study addresses this gap by examining ri...
Robert Daniel Zebua, O. Jin· Equivalent: Jurnal Ilmiah So...· 0 citations
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