Graph Dirichlet Energy for Fitting-Free Bivariate Causal Inference
We propose the Graph Dirichlet Energy Causal Inference (GDECI) criterion for distinguishing cause from effect in bivariate settings. For a candidate direction $X\to Y$, we construct a kernel similarity graph from $X$ and treat $Y$ as a graph signal. The score is the Dirichlet energy of this signal, induced by the unnor...