Extravascular Cyanoacrylate “Embolization” for the Treatment of Vesico-Vaginal Fistula: A Minimally Invasive Alternative
Vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) is a debilitating complication commonly occurring after gynecologic surgery and frequently associated with significant morbidity and impaired quality of life. Although surgical repair remains the standard treatment, management strategies remain heterogeneous, while conservative approaches o...