Comparative Evaluation of MILP, MPC, and Reinforcement Learning for Commercial Battery Dispatch Under Time-of-Use Tariffs
Battery energy storage systems (BESS) paired with rooftop photovoltaics (PVs) can deliver measurable cost savings under time-of-use (TOU) electricity tariffs; however, the relative performance of model-based and model-free dispatch strategies remains insufficiently benchmarked on full-year, real-world commercial datase...