Background: Breast cancer ranks as a major cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, with CCND1 (Cyclin D1) gene overexpression contributing significantly to disease progression. Bauhinia purpurea, a medicinal plant rich in bioactive compounds, has shown antioxidant, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and antiproliferative properties, highlighting its potential as an anticancer agent. Methods: This study assessed the cytotoxic potential and modulation of CCND1 gene expression by B. purpurea leaf extracts obtained using 96% ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane, tested in vitro on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cytotoxicity was measured through the MTT assay following 48 h of treatment, while CCND1 expression levels were analyzed via qRT-PCR with GAPDH as the internal control. Results: Phytochemical analysis identified flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, steroids/triterpenoids, and alkaloids within the extracts. After 48 h, the MTT assay indicated that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited moderate cytotoxicity (IC50 = 88.5 μg/mL), the n-hexane fraction showed weak cytotoxicity (IC50 = 271.8 μg/mL), and the ethanol fraction displayed no cytotoxic effect (IC50 = 979.99 μg/mL). Gene expression analysis showed that all extracts significantly reduced CCND1 levels at IC25, IC50, and IC75, with effects comparable to doxorubicin (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Bauhinia purpurea leaf extracts showed solvent-dependent cytotoxicity and downregulated CCND1 gene expression comparable to doxorubicin, highlighting its potential as a phytopharmaceutical for breast cancer therapy via cell cycle inhibition.
Teja Koswara, Rina Masadah, B. Nelwan et al.· Natural Resources for Human...· 0 citations
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer affecting women globally, with Asia accounting for nearly half of all cases. BC represents a major public health issue, particularly in Indonesia, where it is the leading cancer type among women. Indonesia faces high rates of late-stage diagnoses and poor survival outcomes, largely driven by socioeconomic disparities, limitations in healthcare infrastructure, and delays in detection; challenges also encountered across comparable resource-constrained settings. Hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC) remains challenging to manage due to the lack of curative treatment options. Current therapeutic strategies focus on prolonging survival and enhancing quality of life. In this context, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4/6 inhibitors have emerged as a major advancement, significantly improving progression-free and overall survival in selected settings when used in combination with endocrine therapy (ET). The CDK4/6 inhibitors palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib have shown notable efficacy in Asian populations, despite a higher incidence of hematological toxicities. However, access to these therapies remains limited in Indonesia because they have not yet been incorporated into national treatment guidelines. This review underscores the critical role of CDK4/6 inhibitors in the treatment of HR+/HER2- ABC, with a particular focus on Indonesian patients. It supports consideration of these agents for inclusion in national clinical guidelines to enhance patient outcomes. Evidence-informed recommendations endorse their use in patients with ET-sensitive tumors and as a potential alternative to chemotherapy in selected aggressive cases involving visceral disease without immediately life-threatening organ dysfunction. Addressing the barriers to early diagnosis and expanding access to advanced therapies is crucial for improving BC management in Indonesia and comparable settings.
S. S. Panigoro, S. Haryono, P. Prihantono et al.· Asia-Pacific Journal of Clin...· 0 citations
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