Open access
Jul 2026
SOA-ECCH: Sandpiper Optimization Algorithm based, Energy Conscious Cluster Head Selection for Smart City Internet of Things Networks
The Sandpiper Optimization Algorithmbased Energy-Conscious Cluster Head (SOA-ECCH) algorithm is proposed, which utilizes both distance constraints and residual energy levels to improve network performance and lifespan.
S. Mageshwaran, P. Sundareswaran
· International Journal of Dru... · 0 citations