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Patricia Sorya

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Open access Aug 2026

Effective bounds on characterising slopes for all knots

<p> A slope <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p slash q"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p/q</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is characterising for a knot <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper K subset-of double-struck upper S cubed"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo> ⊂ </mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">S</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">K \subset \mathbb {S}^3</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> if the orientation-preserving homeomorphism type of the manifold <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="double-struck upper S Subscript upper K Superscript 3 Baseline left-parenthesis p slash q right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">S</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathbb {S}^3_K(p/q)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> obtained by performing Dehn surgery of slope <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p slash q"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p/q</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> along <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper K"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">K</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> uniquely determines the knot <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper K"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">K</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . We combine new applications of results from hyperbolic geometry with previous individual work of the authors to determine, for any given knot <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper K"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">K</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , an explicit bound <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="script upper C left-parenthesis upper K right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathcal {C}(K)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> such that <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="StartAbsoluteValue q EndAbsoluteValue greater-than script upper C left-parenthesis upper K right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>></mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">|q| > \mathcal {C}(K)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> implies that <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p slash q"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p/q</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is a characterising slope for <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper K"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">K</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . Furthermore, we find an optimal such <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="script upper C left-parenthesis upper K right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>

Patricia Sorya, L. Wakelin · 0 citations