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Pei-Xin Zhang

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#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Which Influence Are We Estimating? The Role of Counterfactual Specifications in Data Attribution

This work formalizes influence as a counterfactual estimand, distinguishes specification mismatch across estimands from approximation error in estimating a fixed estimand, and organizes representative estimators by their implied specifications.

Zhe Li, Wei Zhao, Pei-Xin Zhang et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

Lossless Tensor Compression as Program Synthesis

A typed domain-specific language that captures recurring tensor structures, such as repeated regions and floating-point fields, through a set of reversible operators, is designed, which formulates lossless tensor compression as program synthesis.

Jie-Ke Shi, Jun-Da He, Wenjia Jiang et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Jul 2026

Forecasting Side Effects of Activation Steering

This work constructs a cross-effect matrix over a taxonomy of 67 behaviors across three open-weight language models and shows that side effects are largely predictable before steering is performed, enabling proactive safety auditing and more informed deployment of steering interventions.

Yong-Ong Chong, Alson Wei Jie Sim, Pei-Xin Zhang et al. · 1 citation
Preprint Aug 2026

Tripwire: Triggering Aligned Refusal via Statistically Certified Safety Neurons

A training-free defense that first identifies safety-specific neurons through per-neuron hypothesis tests under false-discovery-rate control together with a utility-specificity filter, and reduces the average attack success rate to at most 2.0% while incurring a utility drop of only 0.3% on MT-Bench, the smallest among...

Wei Zhao, Zhe Li, Pei-Xin Zhang et al. · 0 citations

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