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Pengcheng Xie

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#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Derivative-Free Structured Updates for Muon

Muon updates matrix-valued neural-network parameters by orthogonalizing a gradient-based momentum matrix. Its reliance on derivatives limits its use when gradients are unavailable or unreliable. We develop a derivative-free framework that constructs Muon-style updates from structured finite differences. Four variants a...

Peng-Cheng Xie · 0 citations
#software testing Preprint Aug 2026

Why and When Neural Networks Improve Local Approximation in Optimization

It is shown that the contradiction in experience with neural surrogates in derivative-free optimisation dissolves once three factors are stated, and that these, rather than the fit accuracy a training curve reports, are what delimit when a learned local model pays.

Cheng Bian, Peng-Cheng Xie · 0 citations

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