Peng Zhang

Predictive value of creatinine/cystatin C ratio and physical activity for all-cause mortality risk in hypertensive patients

Physical activity (PA) is a cornerstone of hypertension management, but whether muscle mass influences its survival benefits remains unclear. The serum creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio (CCR) has been proposed as a surrogate marker of muscle mass, although it is also affected by renal function, nutritional status, and inf...