A novel TK/gE-deleted pseudorabies virus vaccine expressing CCL3L1 enhances humoral immunity by stimulating the dendritic cell-T follicular helper-germinal center axis.
Results demonstrate that CCL3L1 acts as an effective molecular adjuvant by potentiating humoral immunity through activation of the conventional DC-T follicular helper cell-GC B cell axis, supporting HNX-ΔTK/ΔgE-CCL3L1 as a potential vaccine for the control of emerging PRV variants.