Energy conversion mechanisms and flow boundaries of gas–liquid multiphase flow in a mixed-flow electrical submersible pump for offshore oilfields
Gas entrainment threatens the hydraulic stability and energy conversion efficiency of electrical submersible pumps (ESPs). To elucidate multiphase performance variations and underlying energy dissipation mechanisms, a mixed-flow ESP widely applied in offshore oilfields was investigated. A robust Euler–Euler inhomogeneo...