Lightweight Hybrid CNN-Transformer Architecture for Diabetic Retinopa-thy Grading from Fundus Images: A Feature Fusion Approach with Dual Explainability
Automated diabetic retinopathy grading using fundus images demands accurate, computationally efficient, robust, and interpretable models. Although convolutional neural networks are effective at extracting local lesion patterns, they have limited ability to model long-range spatial relationships across the retina, while...