Human Resource Management in the Digital Era: Challenges and Solutions for Romania and the EU
Digitalisation has become one of the main forces reshaping Human Resource Management. This paper examines how Artificial Intelligence, erecruitment and HR Analytics are changing the way organisations attract, assess, develop and retain talent, with particular attention to the situation in Romania. Based on an integrative literature review of academic and institutional sources, the study analyses four key areas: the benefits and limitations of AI in HR decisionmaking, the impact of digital recruitment and online interviews on candidate experience, the factors influencing the adoption of HR Analytics, and approaches to reducing digital skills gaps while promoting inclusion. The findings indicate that these technologies can generate significant improvements in efficiency, speed and consistency. At the same time, they introduce notable risks – algorithmic bias, privacy concerns, perceived surveillance and the potential to widen inequalities when digital competencies vary widely. The paper argues that successful digital HRM in Romania goes well beyond the simple adoption of new technologies. Real progress depends on sound governance, effective human control, sustained investment in digital skills and genuine inclusion measures, all aligned with European standards.