QoS-Aware Choreography in the Internet of Things Based on Forecast-Guided Binding and Local Rebinding
This paper proposes MDP-BWO, a Markov decision process (MDP)-guided Black Widow Optimization (BWO) framework that integrates state forecasting, dependency-aware binding and runtime adaptation and is matched or slightly exceeded only by an exact mixed-integer search with 14–43 times longer mean planning time.