Genus, Morse Index, and Area of Minimal Surfaces in Three-Manifolds
We prove that, in every closed Riemannian three-manifold $(M^3,\bar g)$, there exists a constant $C>0$ such that every closed smoothly embedded minimal surface $\Sigma\subset M$ satisfies $b_1(\Sigma;\mathbb{Z}_2)\le C\bigl(\operatorname{Ind}(\Sigma)+\operatorname{Area}(\Sigma)\bigr)$. The estimate holds without orient...