Review
Open access
Sep 2026
Clinical and Functional Effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin in Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) represent a heterogeneous group of conditions, including myogenous and arthrogenous, with a significant impact on quality of life. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has been proposed as a therapeutic option, particularly for patients with refractory myogenous TMD and bruxism. This syste...
G. Ronconi, Rossella Calciano, Alberto Cutaia et al.
· Toxins · 0 citations