S. Cortese

Effects of External Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation on Neurocognitive Functioning in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: A Phase 2b Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVE Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with atypical cognition and related autonomic nervous system regulation. Trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) received U.S. Food and Drug Administration clearance as neuromodulation treatment for ADHD based on findings of clinical improvements from a...

The effects of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) on heart rate variability (HRV) in people with depression and/or anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is a widely used intervention for depression and anxiety. However, its effectiveness is typically evaluated using subjective self-report symptom scales, which are susceptible to bias. It is hypothesised that improvements in clinical symptoms following CBT may be accompan...

Representativeness and inclusivity in pharmacological and nutraceutical interventions in youth mental health disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) guide treatment decisions in youth with mental health disorders, yet concerns remain about their generalizability. Here we conducted a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis (CRD42024629137) to assess the inclu...

Diagnostic variability of mental disorders in adolescence: A longitudinal study across transition boundary age

Abstract Background Correct psychiatric diagnoses represent a prerequisite for the efficacy of treatment, especially during adolescence, a critical period for the onset of mental health disorders. Diagnoses can evolve over time, influenced by factors such as changes in symptoms, treatment effects, and comorbidities. Th...

Age at Diagnosis and Clinical and Genetic Profiles Among Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Key Points Question Do demographic, clinical, and genetic profiles of adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adulthood differ from adults diagnosed with ADHD in childhood or adolescence, and how do profiles of both groups compare with matched controls without ADHD? Findings In this cro...

Clinical practices in ADHD management across Europe: findings from the ESCAP research academy survey.

Candidate Clinico-Demographic Predictors or Moderators of Efficacy and Tolerability of Pharmacological Treatment in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): An Analysis of the MED-ADHD Repository of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition, in a Naturalistic High-Risk Autism Spectrum Disorder Sample Aged 6-25 Years.

The ADI-R and ADOS-2, alone or combined, did not achieve clinically acceptable levels of both sensitivity and specificity, but their combination nonetheless supports context-dependent trade-offs between sensitivity and specificity, helping clinicians prioritize either case detection or avoidance of false positives.

145. Cortical thinning and hippocampal expansion as brain signatures of ADHD symptom trajectories

Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects around 5% of children and adolescents world-wide and is characterized by its significant clinical heterogeneity, including different symptom courses, such as persistent, remitting, and emergent trajectories during adolescence and adulthood, whi...

From prediction to decision: prediction-based decision rules and target trial emulation in ADHD.

More than 100 prediction models have been developed to support the diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment of ADHD, yet none has reached routine clinical practice. In this Personal View, we argue that an important reason for this implementation gap is the absence of clearly defined prediction-based decision rules-formalised...

Real-world ADHD pharmacological treatment patterns and their association with negative clinical outcomes in youth with comorbid autism: a Swedish population-based study

The findings suggest that, rather than recommending fixed first-line and second-line treatments for individuals with ADHD-ASD, clinical guidelines should emphasise appropriate training as well as prompt and individualised treatment based on a shared decision-making process.