Review
Open access
Aug 2026
Intractable hiccups as a brainstem red flag: demyelinating disorders with emphasis on neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and area postrema syndrome
Intractable hiccups should be recognized as a potential brainstem red flag symptom and recognition of their association with NMOSD and related demyelinating disorders facilitates early diagnosis, appropriate immunotherapy, and prevention of neurological disability.
S. Eliaçık
· Neurological Sciences · 0 citations