S. H. Hano

A study of the biological exposure characteristics of vehicle exhaust and its toxic effects on plants and traffic workers to propose plant-based solutions for pollution reduction

Background: Baghdad’s vehicle fleet (>7 million) has contributed to substantial traffic-related pollution, raising concerns about occupational heavy-metal exposure among traffic personnel. Objectives: To determine salivary concentrations of lead, cadmium, and nickel in traffic-exposed workers; calculate the Air Polluti...