Intoxication and other subjective effects of preanesthetic opioids in surgical patients: A randomized controlled trial.
Opioids are often administered before anesthesia to reduce stress/discomfort or enhance well-being, despite limited supporting evidence. This double-blind, randomized controlled trial investigates the acute subjective effects of intravenous morphine (10 mg), oxycodone (5 mg), and fentanyl (0.1 mg) in 199 adults undergo...