Open access
Aug 2026
Heavy Metal Contamination in Commercial Coffee Products in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence, Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risk Assessment, and Implications for Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease
Findings highlight the need for strengthened monitoring and regulatory control of coffee products in Saudi Arabia and approach the upper boundary of the risk-management range applied in this study.
Azizah A. Algreiby, S. Makawi, A. Bakheit et al.
· Toxics · 0 citations