A four-layer conceptual framework for integrated surveillance in LMICs requires adherence to interoperability standards, robust digital infrastructure, One Health data integration, and equitable data governance, as well as investment in local capacity, supportive policy, and ethical AI frameworks.
D. Francis, S. S. P. Reddy· Frontiers in Public Health· 0 citations
India has the highest oral cancer incidence globally, with persistent age and gender disparities, and the disproportionate burden relative to population size reflects entrenched behavioural risk factors and systemic gaps in prevention, screening and treat-ment.
D. Francis, Saravanan Sampoornam Pape Reddy· ecancermedicalscience· 0 citations
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