Targeting Fibrotic Scars with Extracellular Vesicles Extracted from Mature Aloe vera Gel: Enhanced Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Antifibrotic Activity through M2 Macrophage Polarization and Inhibition of Myofibroblast Differentiation
Background Abnormal scarring and fibrotic skin disorders arise from dysregulated wound healing. While Aloe vera is widely recognized for its therapeutic properties, the potential of its extracellular vesicles (Av-EVs) remains underexplored. Objective To isolate and characterize Av-EVs and evaluate their antioxidant, an...