NBATS: Banknote Authentication and Cash-Compliance Intelligence (A Tiered, Privacy-Preserving Framework for Counterfeit Detection and Cash Provenance in India)
Cash remains a dominant medium of exchange in India despite rapid digital-payment growth, and its physical nature makes counterfeiting, duplicate circulation, and untraceable high-value cash movement persistent challenges for monetary authorities. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) already operates a mature framework for...