PDCD1 SNPs and alloimmune transplant outcomes: mechanistic basis and human evidence across solid organ transplantation and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Background The programmed cell death 1 gene (PDCD1) encodes programmed death-1 protein (PD-1), an inhibitory immune-checkpoint receptor that regulates peripheral tolerance and alloimmune activation. Scope This narrative review synthesizes mechanistic and human evidence linking PDCD1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP...