Ribes fasciculatum Leaf Water Extract Enhances Macrophage Immune Responses via TLR4-Mediated JNK and NF-κB Activation in RAW264.7 Cells
This study investigated the immunostimulatory activity and underlying mechanism of Ribes fasciculatum leaf water extract in RAW264.7 macrophages. Among extracts prepared using water or ethanol-containing solvents, only the water extract induced NO production. Further evaluation of extraction temperature and time identi...