Molecular-level DFT analysis of phosphoric acid binding, hydrogen-bond cooperativity, and local proton transfer in poly(vinyl alcohol)/citric acid membrane models
A systematic density functional theory study of hydrogen bonding, cooperative binding, and Grotthuss proton transfer in PVA/CA/H₃PO₄ proton exchange membranes is presented. Twenty-three calculations were performed at the B3LYP-D3BJ/6-31G* level using ORCA 6.1.1, encompassing geometry optimisation, potential energy surf...