A Unified Digital Twin Framework for Autonomous Lifecycle Management of Civil Infrastructure: Integrating Cyber–Physical Systems, AI-Driven Predictive Analytics, and Real-Time Optimization
A unified DT framework that couples a cyber-physical sensing and communication layer, an entropy-weighted multi-sensor fusion scheme, a hybrid physics-plus-machine-learning surrogate, extended Kalman assimilation for continuous model updating, and a constrained multi-objective optimisation layer that closes the loop fr...