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Open access Aug 2026

Modal verb variations in L1 and L2 written discourse: a corpus-based analysis of can and would

Modal verbs (can, could, may, might, will, would) pose a persistent challenge for both learners and educators despite substantial scholarly exploration of the topic. Using an extensive dataset comprising 2,800 essays, this study investigates the variability in the use of modals among English first language (L1) speaker...

Shie Sato · 0 citations

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