Review
Open access
Sep 2026
Advances and challenges in immunotherapy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on the tumour immune microenvironment
Abstract Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive malignancy originating from the intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells. Despite advances in surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)‐based regimens, durable disease control remains l...
Meng-Yao Chen, Shuo-Fan Jin, Yuxuan Zhou et al.
· Clinical and Translational M... · 0 citations