Shuqiang Gao

A Review of Multimodal Large Language Models: Fusion Mechanisms and Capability Evolution

This paper reviews the principal technical paradigms of multimodal fusion, including early fusion, intermediate fusion, late fusion, and hybrid fusion, and compares the structural characteristics and applicable scenarios of different fusion approaches and explores the development of MLLMs from the perspectives of vision-language understanding, multimodal content generation, multimodal interaction and agent-oriented tasks, as well as domain-specific applications.