Refining Atmospheric Delay for Oblique Spaceborne LiDAR: A 3-D Ray-Tracing Perspective on Horizontal Inhomogeneity
Atmospheric delay constitutes a primary source of ranging uncertainty in spaceborne laser altimetry, particularly for oceanic light detection and ranging (LiDAR) missions requiring large off-nadir incidence angles to mitigate saturation caused by specular reflection. Traditional correction models, typically limited to...