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Author

Songnian Li

2 papers indexed here

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Review Open access Aug 2026

A TLS-Based Framework for the Realization of Digital Twin Basemaps Applied to an Adaptively Reused Heritage Building

The transition toward urban-scale digital twin and smart city management requires survey-grade 3D basemaps, yet conventional documentation remains time-consuming and prone to inaccuracies. While Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) offers rapid 3D acquisition, capturing complex, GNSS-denied multi-story interiors frequently...

Mohamed H. Salaheldin, A. Shaker, Song-Nian Li · 0 citations
Open access Aug 2026

Multi-Sensor Spatial Data Fusion for Road Condition Monitoring Digital Twins

Abstract. Pavement Management Systems (PMS) are essential for evaluating and maintaining transportation infrastructure; however, conventional monitoring methods are often labour-intensive, costly, and inaccurate. The growing need for reliable. timely pavement condition data has driven the development of automated, data...

Deepak Satheesan, Songnian Li, Michael A. Chapman · 0 citations

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